Fuel Efficiency for Fleets: How to Manage an Efficient Fleet

From ensuring on-time delivery to meeting maintenance needs, managing a fleet of vehicles can be challenging—and expensive. In fact, one of the largest expenses in managing a fleet is the fuel used in the vehicles themselves. Vehicle fuel costs can represent as much as 60% of a fleet’s total operating budget.  

While fuel efficiency may not be your day-to-day focus, fuel cost reduction can have a significant impact on your bottom line. With the help of a real-time telematics solution (that provides insight into things like idling and routing optimisation), these cost savings are an achievable reality. Not only can fuel savings turn into more profits—but they can also allow more flexibility in pricing for customer satisfaction. Keep reading to learn how you can improve your fleet’s fuel efficiency.

What is fuel efficiency?

At the vehicle level, fuel efficiency (or fuel economy) is how much energy a vehicle can extract from fuel. The more energy a vehicle can extract from a certain amount of fuel, the greater the vehicle’s fuel efficiency. A vehicle’s fuel efficiency can be impacted by what type of vehicle it is (including whether it’s a heavy-duty or light-duty vehicle), how it’s driven, how old it is, how it has been maintained, and other factors like rolling resistance.

At the fleet level, fuel efficiency refers to how efficient your entire fleet of vehicles is. For fleets that are not looking to purchase new, more efficient vehicles (like plug-in hybrid or electric vehicles) but are trying to increase their fuel efficiency, factors like driver behaviour and gas mileage are very important. Improving the fuel efficiency of your fleet requires changing behaviour at the driver and vehicle levels.

What affects a vehicle’s fuel efficiency?

Fuel efficiency for an entire fleet is more than just the fuel economy sum of each vehicle. A pickup truck can differ vastly from a passenger car. The aerodynamics of each vehicle will also play a role in their ability to be efficient in fuel consumption. The combustion engine efficiency of a new car will be different than that of a well-travelled, older model year vehicle. While the vehicle engine’s fuel economy is a starting point for the overall fleet fuel efficiency, there are several more areas that can be addressed.

Here are a few of the most important factors that affect a vehicle’s fuel efficiency:

• Routing: The most efficient route is not always the route taken, despite best efforts. Traffic, personal preference, and construction can all cause drivers to take less than optimal routes which leads to worse fuel efficiency.

• Driving behaviour: How a vehicle is driven plays a large role in efficient fuel use. Harsh braking and acceleration, for example, can be big drivers of fuel consumption. The good news is that more efficient driving behaviour can be encouraged through feedback, coaching, and training.

• Maintenance: Tires issues, old oil, and other problems can lead to decreased fuel efficiency. This is why it’s important to adhere to a preventative maintenance schedule and address small maintenance issues before they become larger problems.

• Excessive loads: Heavy loads can also weigh down a vehicle and decrease fuel efficiency.

How can fleets improve their fuel efficiency with telematics data?  

One of the biggest benefits of telematics is getting visibility into key efficiency metrics that can drive cost savings. Here are three ways fleets can leverage telematics data to improve their fuel efficiency:

1. Decrease idling with insights into driver efficiency

Fleet telematics solutions can provide real-time driver and vehicle efficiency reports. For example, Samsara’s Driver Efficiency Report provides insight into driver behaviour and highlights areas for fuel efficiency improvement. The report ranks how efficiently each driver is performing compared to the rest of the fleet (and in relation to their best potential). A fleet eco-health analysis uses actual data to determine how much unnecessary fuel drivers are consuming due to idling. The tool can also recommend the use of electric vehicles in areas that might be beneficial to your business.

Excessive engine idling is one of the leading causes of poor fleet fuel efficiency. While not intentional, it is behaviour that can be corrected through coaching and training. By identifying these instances and coaching drivers on fuel waste, fleet managers can increase fuel efficiency and reduce costs.

2. Decrease fuel theft with analytics and alerts

A complete fleet management platform like Samsara can also help identify any instances of fuel theft from either internal or external parties. Companies can now connect previously siloed financial accounting and vehicle performance data. By tying each fuel purchase to the specific vehicle and monitoring fuel consumption, data analytics can pinpoint outliers as probable areas of theft. Management can take further action to investigate any instances of fuel skimming with real-time, customisable alerts.

For those fleets that run on diesel engine fuel, proper vehicle operation requires diesel exhaust fluid (DEF). This is a technical means of reducing diesel pollution by mixing exhaust with chemical agents to reduce oxides of nitrogen. Besides monitoring diesel fuel usage, Samsara can also collect data on real-time DEF levels. Analytical models can highlight the optimum execution for refilling DEF tanks.

3. Improve routing efficiency with optimisation tools

The route that vehicles take to their destination also plays a major role in fuel efficiency. If drivers take routes out of their way or through known high-traffic areas, this adversely impacts fuel consumption. Samsara’s routing tools make it possible to analyse routes and predict the most efficient routes for drivers to reach their destinations. You can use these tools to reduce fuel consumption through more intentional routing of the vehicles.

When unexpected delays arise or additional stops are needed, Samsara’s real-time dispatching tools can also help increase fuel efficiency. Congestive traffic, accidents, and road closures can change otherwise viable routes for vehicles. Samsara can help you reroute and dispatch vehicles most efficiently. This, in turn, will increase fuel efficiency for your overall operation.

How can drivers improve their fuel efficiency? 

Aside from the vehicle’s own engine performance, driver behaviour is what affects vehicle fuel efficiency. By monitoring and adapting simple driving habits like deceleration, acceleration, coasting, and cruising, drivers can improve fuel efficiency. These small behavioural changes can have a significant impact on the fuel efficiency of your entire operation. Although these driving habits seem insignificant, when analysed and changed, they can have a meaningful impact on your fleet’s overall fuel expenses. 

Here are a few ways drivers can improve their fuel efficiency:

• Cruise control: Cruise control helps maintain the constant speed of the vehicle. However, it can be worse for the vehicle’s efficiency if drivers use this technology for uphill travel or in heavy traffic. By tracking the impact of this feature, you can coach drivers on how to properly use cruise control to decrease fuel consumption.

• Coasting: Drivers lose forward momentum each time they use their brakes to stop their vehicle. By anticipating upcoming traffic, pedestrians in crosswalks, and traffic lights in advance, drivers can determine when the proper time is to slow down. By doing this well before the obstacle, they can improve their fuel efficiency. Using minimisation acceleration techniques and braking while maximising coasting reduces friction on the engine, saving on gas and repairs and adding to a vehicle’s lifespan.

• Maintain a stable speed: As much as 20% more fuel is consumed when a vehicle’s speed suddenly changes (by increasing or decreasing its acceleration). The optimal fuel efficiency speed varies by the type of vehicle. However, this speed is typically between 35 and 50 MPH.

• Reduce idling waste: Engine idling wears on the vehicle and increases the overall cost per mile. By minimising excessive idling, fleets can save up to $6,000 per vehicle annually on wasted fuel.

6 key metrics needed to improve fuel efficiency 

Samsara’s fuel and maintenance reports can help you get new visibility into key fuel efficiency metrics, like idling time by the driver. Here are a few important metrics to keep an eye on when trying to improve your fleet’s fuel efficiency:

• Fuel consumption: The amount of fuel used by each vehicle within a set time frame.

• Fuel efficiency: The miles per gallon (MPG) of a driver/vehicle pair within a set time frame.

• Estimated cost: The estimated cost of fuel consumption across your entire fleet.

• Engine run time: The time that the vehicle engine is loaded or running.

• Idle time: The time that the vehicle engine is on but not loaded. When a vehicle is travelling at zero MPH for extended periods (more than two minutes), it can add significantly to fuel consumption.

• Idle time percentage: The idle time as a percentage of total engine run time.

Improve your fleet’s fuel efficiency with Samsara

Samsara can provide insight into driver efficiency, vehicle performance, routing, and fuel consumption across your entire operation. With this information, managers can execute their plans to reduce fuel costs. They can also work with drivers to influence their driving behaviour to be more efficient with less fuel consumption. Across an entire fleet of vehicles, these savings can make a significant impact on your bottom line. 

To learn more about how Samsara can help improve fuel efficiency across your entire fleet, reach out for a free demo or trial today.